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・ Philip A. Kaufman
・ Philip A. Kuhn
・ Philip A. Munz
・ Philip A. Payton, Jr.
・ Philip A. Traynor
・ Philip A. Vernon
・ Philip Aaberg
・ Philip Abbott
・ Philip Abelson
・ Philip Abraham
・ Philip Abramo
・ Philip Absolon
・ Philip Achille
・ Philip Adams
・ Philip Adrian Wright
Philip Affleck
・ Philip Agee
・ Philip Ahn
・ Philip Aiken
・ Philip Ainsworth Means
・ Philip Akin
・ Philip Akot Akok Kiir
・ Philip Albrecht
・ Philip Albright Small Franklin
・ Philip Aldridge
・ Philip Alexander Bruce
・ Philip Alftberg
・ Philip Allen
・ Philip Allen (footballer)
・ Philip Allen (politician)


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Philip Affleck : ウィキペディア英語版
Philip Affleck

Philip Affleck (1726–1799) was an admiral in the Royal Navy. He was the younger brother of Sir Edmund Affleck. Affleck held various commands throughout the latter half of the 18th Century, most notably as commander-in-chief of the Jamaica Station and as a Lord of the Board of Admiralty. Early in his career he fought at the Siege of Louisbourg where he was promoted commander after carrying out a successful cutting-out mission. He was promoted to post-captain a year later after impressing Admiral Edward Boscawen during the Battle of Lagos. Later in his career he joined Admiral Sir George Rodney in the West Indies and took part in the capture of Sint Eustatius. Between 1790 and 1792 he held the position of commander-in-chief of the Jamaica Station and between 1793 and 1796 he held his position as a Lord of the Board of Admiralty. Although his career was marked with long periods of inaction and unemployment Admiral Affleck was known as a good officer and was well respected by his peers.
==Early career==
Affleck began his nautical career in the service of the East India Company. He joined the navy at an undetermined date and was promoted acting-lieutenant in 1755. As a lieutenant he served either in the sloop-of-war or bomb ketch although as his brother Edmund was serving at almost exactly the same time the records are a little unclear. At the Siege of Louisbourg he distinguished himself in leading the boats that cut out the French men-of-war ''Prudente'' and ''Bienfaisant''〔Naval Chronicle, 21 (1809), p.445-451〕 and was promoted to command. His promotion to commander was confirmed on 1 August 1759 and Affleck accompanied Edward Boscawen in the 18-gun sloop of war 〔Ships of the Royal Navy, Colledge, p.146〕 to the Mediterranean.〔 In ''Gramont'' Affleck took part in the Battle of Lagos where he impressed Boscawen to such a degree that the admiral promoted Affleck to post-captain with the effective date of 28 August 1759 and put Affleck in command of the flagship .〔Ships of the Royal Navy, Colledge, p.238〕〔Naval Chronicle, 7, p.202〕 On his return to England he was assigned to and sent to India. During the blockade of Pondicherry on 1 January 1761 ''Panther'' was dismasted in a hurricane〔British Warships in the Age of Sail 1714–1792, Winfield, P. 133〕 and once more Affleck impressed his superiors by his calm handling of the situation. In May 1761 he exchanged command of ''Panther'' with Captain Newsom to command the storeship 〔British Warships in the Age of Sail 1714–1792, Winfield, P. 171〕 but resigned command of her in early 1762. He then became captain of , which the British had captured some two years earlier at Pondicherry. Not long thereafter he returned to England.

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